Even when UNDP used figures outputting on literacy and health in Venezuela, its latest report presents an important step forward in developing human, the biggest in nearly a decade and the most high in the trend since 1975, as well as a significant decrease in poverty during the 2004 year, not expressed in the poverty index as suchwhich remains unchanged in comparison to the year 2003, but on the percentage of the population living on incomes below 1 and $2 a day, and in the reduction of infant mortality. According to the report, the index of human development in Venezuela increased from 0,772 at 0.784, placing in position 72 of the world list headed by Norway with an index of 0.965, and in the Latin American region Argentina 36 with a 0.863 index position. Also, the report shows unalterable poverty rates, even though it presents a significant reduction to the 8.3 15.0 and the 32.0 to the 27.6 percent of the population living with less than $1 and $2 daily income respectively. With regard to the rate of infant mortality, the downward trend has remained throughout the management of Chavez, showing in this report a reduction from 18 to 16 per thousand children live births, representing nearly 2 thousand children saved from death. However, the PNDU used data from 1999 and 2000 to calculate educational indices, as well as using as reference a literacy rate of 93% which was in force until 2001 and that does not reflect the advances of the Robinson Mission that UNESCO itself has acknowledged to declare Venezuela a country free of illiteracy. It should not be forgotten as points out Sergio Arancibia, as the human development index, HDR, UNDP fails to account for all the contents present on the concept of human development – raised to almost philosophical – theoretical level but is in any case, an indicator that goes beyond mere economic growth indices.
UNDP considers only three concepts or basic parameters for the preparation of its HDI, each of which summarizes or need, in turn, other quantitative to be constructed history: long and healthy life, which is measured through the index of life expectancy at birth, which in turn is built taking into account the background with respect to infant mortality and average age of death; the indices of education, where key indicators are the rate of adult literacy and enrolment in primary, secondary and higher education rate; Definitely know, that Venezuela will establish new values in the standards of growth and human development. The second national study for human growth of the Venezuelan population will seek to establish biological and psycho-social standards through demographic aspects, habits, food consumption, intellectual development and indicators haematological and biochemical, among others. The investigation will take three years to make and will allow implement more accurate social policies. original author and source of the article.